Summary
Background
Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is a newly emerging field of transplantation.
Immunological research in CTA has been intensified due to the recent clinical success
of hand and face transplantation.
Establishing immunological tolerance by adoptive transfer of ex vivo cultured tolerance-inducing cell types is of growing interest. Transplant acceptance-inducing
cells (TAICs) are a type of deactivated immunoregulatory macrophages.
Methods
A total of 36 allogeneic hind limb transplantations in the rat were performed in six
groups. Group A (Lewis (LW) → Brown-Norway (BN)) received Lewis-donor-derived TAICs
locally (i.m.). Group B (LW → BN) received Lewis-donor-derived TAICs systemically
(i.v.) and group C (Sprague Dawley (Sp-D) → BN) served as a control group receiving
Lewis-donor-derived TAICs systemically (i.v.). Groups D (LW → BN), E (LW → BN), and
F (BN → BN) also served as control groups with group D receiving no immunosuppression,
group E receiving FK506 and prednisolone and group F receiving no immunosuppression
with isograft transplantations (BN → BN). The timing of rejection was assessed by
clinical observation and histological findings.
Results
Rejection of the allogeneic hind limb occurred on average 7.7 days after transplantation
in group A and 7.4 days in group B. Rejection was significantly delayed (Log-rank
test, p < 0.01) compared to groups C and D, where rejection of the allogeneic hind limb occurred
on average 5.8 days and 5.6 days after transplantation. No rejection was seen in groups
E and F.
Conclusion
For the first time, TAICs have been applied in a CTA model and demonstrated a significant
immunosuppressive effect. Even though the immunomodulatory effect is relatively modest,
the results of this study justify subsequent research on TAIC therapy to improve experimental
and clinical outcome after CTA.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 30, 2012
Accepted:
July 2,
2012
Received:
January 22,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.