Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 63, Issue 9 , Pages 1557-1560 , September 2010

An approach to bilateral facial paralysis

  • Alex C.S. Woollard

      Affiliations

    • The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London NW32QG, United Kingdom
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 7976949897.
    • ,
  • Douglas H. Harrison

      Affiliations

    • Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex, HA6 2RN, UK
    • ,
  • Adriaan O. Grobbelaar

      Affiliations

    • The Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London NW32QG, United Kingdom

Received 4 November 2009 ,Accepted 7 February 2010.

References 

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  2. Verzijl HT, van der Zwaag B, Cruysberg JR, et al. Möbius syndrome redefined: a syndrome of rhombencephalic maldevelopment. Neurology. 2003;61:327–333
  3. Sabbagh W, Shafighian A, Harrison DH. Upper labial deficiency in Mobius syndrome: a previously unreported feature and its correction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112:1762–1767
  4. Abramson DL, Cohen MM, Mulliken JB. Möbius syndrome: classification and grading system. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;102:961
  5. Terzis JK, Noah EM. Dynamic restoration in Möbius and Möbius-like patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003 Jan;111:40–55
  6. Viterbo F, Trindade JC, Hoshino K, et al. End-to-side neurorrhaphy with removal of the epineurial sheath: an experimental study in rats. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994 Dec;94:1038–1047
  7. Zuker RM, Goldberg CS, Manktelow RT. Facial animation in children with Möbius syndrome after segmental gracilis muscle transplant. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 Jul;106:1–8[discussion 9]
  8. Manktelow RT, Tomat LR, Zuker RM, et al. Smile reconstruction in adults with free muscle transfer innervated by the masseter motor nerve: effectiveness and cerebral adaptation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006 Sep 15;118:885–899
  9. Hay GG. Psychiatric aspects of cosmetic nasal operations. Br J Psychiatry. 1970;116:85
  10. Tan ST, Ashworth G, Czypionka SDBO, et al. Verticle orbital dystopia. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1996;97:1349–1361
  11. Mackinnon SE, Dellon AL. Technical considerations of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap: a segmentally innervated muscle transfer for facial reanimation. Microsurgery. 1988;9:36–45
  12. Harrison DH. The Pectoralis minor vascularised muscle graft for the treatment of unilateral facial palsy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985 Oct;76:656–657

PII: S1748-6815(10)00104-X

doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.02.018

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 63, Issue 9 , Pages 1557-1560 , September 2010

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