Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 63, Issue 12 , Pages 2091-2097 , December 2010

Impact of medical discipline and observer gender on cosmetic outcome evaluation in breast reconstruction using transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap and radiotherapy

  • Maria Cristina Leonardi

      Affiliations

    • Division of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +390257489037.
    • ,
  • Cristina Garusi

      Affiliations

    • Division of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Luigi Santoro

      Affiliations

    • Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Veronica Dell'Acqua

      Affiliations

    • Division of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Fabio Rossetto

      Affiliations

    • Division of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Florence Didier

      Affiliations

    • Division of Psycho-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Barbara Vischioni

      Affiliations

    • Division of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Francesca De Lorenzi

      Affiliations

    • Division of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Visnu Lohsiriwat

      Affiliations

    • Division of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
    • ,
  • Jean Yves Petit

      Affiliations

    • Division of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • ,
  • Roberto Orecchia

      Affiliations

    • Division of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
    • University of Milan, Milan, Italy

Received 30 July 2009 ,Accepted 7 February 2010.

References 

  1. Poortmans P. Evidence base radiation oncology: breast cancer. Radiother. Oncol. 2007;84:84–101
  2. Fentiman IS, Hamed H. Breast reconstruction. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2006;60:471–474
  3. Styblo TM, Lewis MM, Carlson GW, et al. Immediate breast reconstruction for stage III breast cancer using transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 1996;3:375–380
  4. Slavin SA, Love SM, Goldwyn RM. Recurrent breast cancer following immediate reconstruction with myocutaneous flaps. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1994;93:1191–1204
  5. Harcourt DM, Rumsey NJ, Ambler NR, et al. The psychological effect of mastectomy with or without breast reconstruction: a prospective multicenter study. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2003;111:1060–1068
  6. Al-Ghazal SK, Sully L, Fallowfield L, et al. The psychological impact of immediate rather than delayed breast reconstruction. Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 2000;26:17–19
  7. Pinsolle V, Grinfeder C, Mathoulin-Pelissier S, et al. Complications analysis of 266 immediate breast reconstructions. J.Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg. 2006;59:1017–1024
  8. Strålman K, Mollerup CL, Kristoffersen US, et al. Long-term outcome after mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction. Acta Oncol. 2008;47:704–708
  9. Senkus-Konefka E, Wełnicka-Jaśkiewicz M, Jaśkiewicz J, et al. Radiotherapy for breast cancer in patients undergoing breast reconstruction or augmentation. Cancer Treat. Rev. 2004;30:671–682
  10. Rose MA, Olivotto I, Cady B, et al. Conservative surgery and radiation therapy for early breast cancer: long-term cosmetic results. Arch. Surg. 1989;124:153–157
  11. Fleiss JL. Statistical methods for rates and proportions (225–231). 2 nd ed. Chichester: John Wiley&Sons; 1981;
  12. Jugenburg M, Disa JJ, Al Pusic, et al. Impact of radiotherapy on breast reconstruction. Clin. Plast. Surg. 2007;34:29–37
  13. Williams JK, Carlson GW, Bostwick J, et al. The effects of radiation treatment after TRAM flap breast reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1997;100:1153–1160
  14. Soong IS, Yau TK, Ho Cm, et al. Post-mastectomy radiotherapy after immediate autologous breast reconstruction in primary treatment of breast cancer. Clin Oncol. 2004;16:283–289
  15. Williams JK, Bostwick J, Bried JT, et al. TRAM flap breast reconstruction after radiation treatment. Ann. Surg. 1995;221:756–766
  16. Alderman AK, Wilkins EG, Kim HM, et al. Complications in postmastectomy breast reconstruction: two-year results of the Michigan Breast Reconstruction Outcome Study. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2002;109:2265–2274
  17. Tran NV, Chang DW, Gupta A, et al. Comparison of immediate and delayed free TRAM flap breast reconstruction in patients receiving postmastectomy radiation in therapy. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2001;108:78–82
  18. Pomahac B, Recht A, May J, et al. New trends in breast cancer management: is the era of immediate breast reconstruction changing?. Ann. Surg. 2006;244:282–288
  19. Moran SL, Serletti JM, Fox I. Immediate free TRAM reconstruction in lumpectomy and radiation failure patients. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2000;106:1527–1531
  20. Hunt KK, Baldwin BJ, Strom EA, et al. Feasibility of postmastectomy radiation therapy after TRAM flap breast reconstruction. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 1997;4:377–384
  21. Zimmerman RP, Mark RJ, Kim AI, et al. Radiation tolerance of transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous-free flaps used in immediate breast reconstruction. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 1998;21:381–385
  22. Halyard MY, McCombs KE, Wong WW, et al. Acute and chronic results of adjuvant radiotherapy after mastectomy and transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap reconstruction for breast cancer. Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 2004;27:389–394
  23. Shaikh-Naidu N, Preminger BA, Rogers K, et al. Determinants of aesthetic satisfaction following TRAM and implant breast reconstruction. Ann. Plast. Surg. 2004;52:465–470
  24. Clough KB, O'Donoghue JM, Fitoussi AD, et al. Prospective evaluation of late cosmetic results following breast reconstruction: II. TRAM flap reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2001;107:1710–1716
  25. Anderson PR, Al Hanlon, McNeeley SW, et al. Low complication rates are achievable after postmastectomy breast reconstruction and radiation therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2004;59:1080–1087
  26. Kuske RR, Schuster R, Klein E, et al. Radiotherapy and breast reconstruction: clinical results and dosimetry. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol.Phys. 1991;21:339–346
  27. Schuster RH, Kuske RR, Young VL, et al. Breast reconstruction in women treated with radiation therapy for breast cancer: cosmesis, complications and tumour control. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1992;90:445–452
  28. Tran NV, Evans G, Kroll SS, et al. Postoperative adjuvant irradiation: effects on transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap breast reconstruction. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2000;106:313–317
  29. Buss DM, Abbot M, Angleitner A. International preferences in selecting mates: a study of 37 cultures. J. Cross. Cult. Psychol. 1990;21:5–47
  30. Gueguen N. Women's bust size and men's courtship solicitation. Body Image. 2007;4:386–390
  31. Kalb C. Our quest to be perfect. Newweek. 1999;134:52–59
  32. Feingold A, Mazzella R. Gender differences in body image are increasing. Psychological Science. 1998;9:190–195
  33. Frederick DA, Lever J, Peplau LA. Interest in cosmetic surgery and body image: views of men and women across the lifespan. Plastic. Reconstr. Surg. 2007;120:1407–1415
  34. Singer N. Does the sex of the surgeon matter?. The New York Times. March 30, 2006;Published

☆ Presented at the XVIII National Congress of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy Oncology, in Milan, Italy, on 15 November 2008.

PII: S1748-6815(10)00099-9

doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.02.013

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 63, Issue 12 , Pages 2091-2097 , December 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution