Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 63, Issue 3 , Pages 383-389 , March 2010

Venous malformations of the limbs: the Birmingham experience, comparisons and classification in children

Received 5 August 2008 ,Accepted 8 November 2008.

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  2. Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Haemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982;69:412–422
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  4. Tan KT, Kirby J, Rajan DK, et al. Percutaneous sodium tetradecyl sulfate sclerotherapy for peripheral venous malformations: a single centre experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007;18:343–351
  5. Lee BB, Choe YH, Ahn JM. The new role of MRI in the contempory diagnosis of venous malformation: can it replace angiography?. J Am Coll Surg. 2004;198:549–558
  6. Upton J, Coombs CJ, Mulliken JB, et al. Vascular malformations of the upper limb: A review of 270 patients. J Hand Surgery Am. 1999;24A:1019–1103
  7. Enjolras O, Ciabrini D, Mazoyer E, et al. Extensive pure venous malformations in the upper or lower limb: a review of 27 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;36:219–225
  8. Rautio R, Saarinen J, Laraane J, et al. Endovascular treatment of venous malformations in extremities: results of sclerotherapy and the quality of life after treatment. Acta Radiol. 2004;45:397–403
  9. Hill RA, Pho RWH, Kumar VP. Resection of vascular malformations. J Hand Surgery Br. 1993;18B:17–21
  10. Puig S, Aref H, Chigot V, et al. Classification of venous malformations in children and implications for sclerotherapy. Paediatr Radiol. 2003;33:99–103
  11. Enjolras O, Mulliken JB. The current management of vascular birthmarks. Paediatric Dermatol. 1993;10:311–333
  12. Jackson IT, Carreno R, Potparic Z, et al. Haemangiomas, vascular malformations and lymphovenous malformations: classification and methods of treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993;91:1216–1230

PII: S1748-6815(08)01134-0

doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2008.11.055

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 63, Issue 3 , Pages 383-389 , March 2010

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