Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 60, Issue 8 , Pages 904-912 , August 2007

Double-pedicle abdominal perforator free flaps for unilateral breast reconstruction: new horizons in microsurgical tissue transfer to the breast

Received 26 June 2006 ,Accepted 6 February 2007.

References 

  1. Kroll S. Why autologous tissue?. Clin Plast Surg. 1998;25:135–143
  2. Nahabedian M. Defining the “Gold Standard” in breast reconstruction with abdominal tissue. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;114:804–806
  3. Blondeel P, Vanderstraeten G, Monstrey S, et al. The donor site morbidity of free DIEP flaps and free TRAM flaps for breast reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg. 1997;50:322–330
  4. Hamdi M, Weiler-Mithoff E, Webster MH. Deep inferior epigastric perforator flap in breast reconstruction: experience with the first 50 flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;103:86–95
  5. Futter C, Webster M, Hagan S, et al. A retrospective comparison of abdominal muscle strength following breast reconstruction with a free TRAM or DIEP flap. Br J Plast Surg. 2000;53:578–583
  6. Nahabedian M, Dooley W, Singh N, et al. Contour abnormalities of the abdomen after breast reconstruction with abdominal flaps: the role of muscle preservation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002;109:81–101
  7. Ishii CH, Bostwick J, Raine TJ, et al. Double-pedicle transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for unilateral breast and chest-wall reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985;76:901–907
  8. Arnez ZM, Scamp T. The bipedicled free TRAM flap. Br J Plast Surg. 1992;45:214–218
  9. Pennington DG, Nettle WJ, Lam P. Microvascular augmentation of the blood supply of the contralateral side of the free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. Ann Plast Surg. 1993;31:123–126
  10. Semple J. Retrograde microvascular augmentation (turbocharging) of a single-pedicle TRAM flap through a deep inferior epigastric arterial and venous loop. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994;93:109–117
  11. Lam CT, Seller GD. Free perforator crossover TRAM flap for breast reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. 2003;50:126–131
  12. Miller M, Rock C, Robb G. Aesthetic breast reconstruction using a combination of free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps and breast implants. Ann Plast Surg. 1996;37:258–264
  13. Serletti J, Moran S. The combined use of the TRAM and expander/implants in breast reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. 1998;40:510–514
  14. Kronowitz S, Robb G, Youssef A, et al. Optimizing autologous breast reconstruction in thin patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112:1768–1778
  15. Masia J, Clavero JA, Larrañaga JR, et al. Multidetector-row computed tomography in the planning of abdominal perforator flaps. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2006;59:594–599
  16. Rossilon D, Vanwyck R, Bayet B, et al. The action of piracetam in ischemic flaps. Br J Plast Surg. 1987;40:459–466
  17. Godfrey P, Godfrey N. Transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps after liposuction of the abdomen. Ann Plast Surg. 1994;33:209–210
  18. Kim J, Chang D, Temple C, et al. Free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap breast reconstruction in patients with prior abdominal suction-assisted lipectomy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;113:28–31
  19. Blondeel PN, Boecks WD. Refinements in free flap breast reconstruction: the free bilateral deep inferior epigastric perforator flap anastomosed to the internal mammary artery. Br J Plast Surg. 1994;47:495–501
  20. Ali RS, Garrido A, Ramakrishnan V. Stacked free hemi-DIEP flaps: a method of autologous breast reconstruction in a patient with midline abdominal scarring. Br J Plast Surg. 2002;55:351–353
  21. Van Landuyt K, Blondeel P, Hamdi M, et al. The versatile DIEP flap: its use in lower extremity reconstruction. Br J Plast Surg. 2005;58:2–13

 Presented at the Annual Meeting of the European Association of Plastic Surgeons (EURAPS), 24–26 May 2006, Istanbul, Turkey.

PII: S1748-6815(07)00157-X

doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2007.02.016

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
Volume 60, Issue 8 , Pages 904-912 , August 2007